What is the primary function of an elbow fitting in plumbing?

The primary function of an elbow fitting in plumbing is to facilitate changes in direction within a piping system, specifically by creating a turn at either a 90-degree or 45-degree angle. This ability to redirect the flow of water or other fluids is essential in plumbing, as it allows for the effective routing of pipes around obstacles and into various fixtures, ensuring that a plumbing system remains functional and efficient.

Elbow fittings are crucial in installations where pipes need to navigate corners or where space constraints require a change in direction. This characteristic distinguishes elbow fittings from other types of plumbing fittings, as they are designed specifically for directional changes, rather than for making straight connections or connecting different materials. Their role in supporting vertical pipes is also not applicable, as that function typically involves other types of fittings or supports entirely.