What should be monitored to prevent freezing in water mains?

To prevent freezing in water mains, monitoring snow cover conditions is particularly important. Snow acts as an insulator for the ground beneath it, and when substantial snow cover is present, it can help protect water infrastructure from freezing temperatures. Without adequate snow cover, the ground can cool quickly during winter months, increasing the risk of freezing in exposed or shallow water mains.

Understanding local climate and weather patterns, including snow accumulation, is essential for water utility managers. This allows for proactive measures to be taken to protect the water supply infrastructure, ensuring the continuous delivery of water even in colder climates. Monitoring conditions such as snowfall can help predict when water mains might be at risk and inform decisions about insulation or other protective measures.

While water quality levels, source water temperatures, and depth of infrastructure are important aspects of managing water systems, they do not directly influence the risk of freezing in such a straightforward manner as snow cover does.