Why are storage tanks used in a water distribution system?

Storage tanks play a critical role in water distribution systems primarily by equalizing supply and demand. They serve as buffering reservoirs that can store water during periods of low demand and release it during peak demand times. This balancing function helps to maintain a consistent and reliable supply of water, ensuring that users have access to the necessary water volume without pressure drops or shortages.

In practical terms, storage tanks help in managing fluctuations in water usage that can occur throughout the day or seasonally. For instance, during morning hours or hot weather, water consumption can surge dramatically, and having sufficient storage allows the distribution system to deliver water reliably without straining the production and treatment facilities.

While storage tanks may indirectly assist in preventing contamination by providing a controlled environment for water, their primary function is not to control contamination. Similarly, they do not serve as filtration systems or directly enhance the taste of water. Instead, their main purpose revolves around the management of water supply to meet varying demands efficiently.